Symbolism
Symbolism in the Holy Bible
Select
Colors

Color | Reference |
---|---|
Red | Blood, sacrifice, sin, atonement — Ezekiel 45:19, Genesis 8:21, Revelation 6:4, Revelation 17:3-4, Isaiah 1:18, 1John 1:7 |
Blue | Heaven, divine law — Exodus 28:31, Numbers 15:38 |
Purple | Royalty, wealth — Judges 8:26, John 19:2 |
White | Purity, holiness — Isaiah 1:18, Revelation 3:4 |
Gold | Glory, divinity — Exodus 25:11, Revelation 21:18 |
Black | Death, mourning, judgment, separation from God — Jeremiah 14:2, Revelation 6:5, Proverbs 4:19, Job 10:22, Psalm 88:12 |
Green | Life, renewal — Psalm 52:8, Mark 6:39 |
Scents

Scent | Reference |
---|---|
Anointing Oils | Holiness — Exodus 30:22-29, John 12:3 |
Incense | Worship, prayer, divine presence — Exodus 30:34-38; Psalm 141:2; Revelation 5:8 |
Myrrh | Burial, suffering, kingship — Matthew 2:11; John 19:39 |
Frankincense | Worship, priesthood, holiness — Leviticus 2:1-2; Matthew 2:11 |
Nard (Spikenard) | Devotion, costly love, anointing — John 12:3; Song of Songs 1:12 |
Cassia | Purification, sacred anointing — Exodus 30:24 |
Cinnamon | Fragrance of holiness and intimacy — Exodus 30:23; Proverbs 7:17 |
Aloe | Burial, healing, sacred preparation — John 19:39; Psalm 45:8 |
Burnt Offering Aroma | Atonement, divine acceptance — Genesis 8:21; Leviticus 1:9 |
Oil of Joy / Anointing Oil | Blessing, consecration, gladness — Psalm 45:7; Isaiah 61:3 |
Stench of Death / Decay | Sin, judgment, spiritual corruption — John 11:39; Isaiah 34:3 |
Spiritual Fragrance of Christ | Righteousness, spiritual witness — 2 Corinthians 2:15; Ephesians 5:2 |
Odor of Idolatry / Rebellion | Spiritual offense, rejection — Isaiah 65:5; Amos 4:5 |
Fruits

Fruit | Reference |
---|---|
Fruit of the Spirit | Godly traits — Galatians 5:22-23 |
Bearing Fruit | Pleasing God — John 15:5, Colossians 1:10 |
Firstfruits | Dedication — Romans 11:16, James 1:18 |
Fruitfulness vs Barrenness | Spiritual health — Matthew 7:17 |
Forbidden Fruit | The fruit from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil — Genesis 2:16-17; Genesis 3:1-6 |
Apple | Symbol of love and desire. Sometimes (incorrectly) assumed to be the forbidden fruit — Song of Solomon 2:5; 8:5 |
Almond | Symbol of watchfulness and divine approval — Genesis 43:11; Numbers 17:8 |
Date | Associated with sweetness and abundance — 2 Samuel 6:19; 1 Chronicles 16:3 |
Fig | Symbol of prosperity or judgment. Fig leaves were used to cover Adam and Eve — Genesis 3:7; Jeremiah 24:1-3; Mark 11:12-14 |
Fig Tree | Readiness/judgment — Matthew 21:18-22 |
Grapes | Represents joy, abundance, and spiritual fruitfulness — Leviticus 19:10; Deuteronomy 23:24; Isaiah 5:1-7 |
Raisin | Often used in celebratory feasts — Numbers 6:3; 2 Samuel 6:19 |
Melon | A reminder of Egypt’s abundance during Israel’s wilderness journey — Numbers 11:5 |
Olive | Symbol of peace, endurance, and spiritual inclusion — Isaiah 17:6; Micah 6:15; Romans 11:17-24 |
Pistachio Nut | Rare mention; part of a gift to Egypt — Genesis 43:11 |
Pomegranate | Symbol of fertility, righteousness, and divine blessing — Exodus 28:33-34; Numbers 20:5; Deuteronomy 8:8 |
Sycamore Fruit | A humble fruit, often associated with common people — Psalm 78:47; Amos 7:14 |
Trees

Tree | Reference |
---|---|
Planted by Water | Resilience — Psalm 1:3, Jeremiah 17:7-8 |
Fruitful Tree | Righteous living — Luke 6:43-44 |
Oaks of Righteousness | Strength — Isaiah 61:3 |
Tree of Life | Eternal life and divine provision — Genesis 2:9, Revelation 22:2 |
Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil | Moral choice and the fall of man — Genesis 2:9 |
Acacia | Used in tabernacle construction; symbolizes incorruptibility and sacred purpose — Exodus 25:5 |
Almond | Symbol of watchfulness and divine approval (Aaron’s rod) — Genesis 30:37; Numbers 17:8 |
Apple | Represents love, delight, and beauty — Song of Songs 2:3 |
Cedar of Lebanon | Strength, majesty, and temple building — 1 Kings 5:6; Psalm 92:12 |
Cypress | Often planted in cemeteries; symbolizes mourning and endurance — 2 Kings 19:23 |
Ebony | Rare and valuable; used in trade — Ezekiel 27:15 |
Fig Tree | Fruitfulness, spiritual health, and judgment — Matthew 21:19; Matthew 24:32; Genesis 3:7 |
Mulberry | Associated with divine guidance in battle — 2 Samuel 5:23 |
Myrtle | Peace and restoration — Nehemiah 8:15 |
Oak | Strength, covenant, and divine encounters — Genesis 35:8; Judges 6:11 |
Olive | Peace, anointing, and spiritual vitality — Judges 9:8; Genesis 8:11 |
Palm | Victory, triumph, and celebration — Leviticus 23:40; John 12:13 |
Pomegranate | Righteousness and abundance (on priestly garments) — Exodus 28:33-34 |
Sandalwood | Used in temple furnishings; exotic and fragrant — 2 Chronicles 2:8 |
Walnut | Beauty and mystery — Song of Songs 6:11 |
Vine | Israel’s spiritual state; abiding in Christ — Isaiah 5:1-7; John 15:1 |
Mustard Tree | Kingdom growth from small beginnings — Matthew 13:31-32 |
Birds

Bird | Reference |
---|---|
Bat | Associated with darkness and uncleanliness — Leviticus 11:19 |
Bittern | Symbol of desolation — Isaiah 14:23 |
Chicken / Hen | God's Protective Love; Nurturing care — Matthew 23:37 |
Cormorant | Considered unclean; symbol of ruin — Leviticus 11:17; Zephaniah 2:14 |
Crane | Migration and vigilance — Isaiah 38:14; Jeremiah 8:7 |
Dove | Peace, purity, Holy Spirit, and sacrifice — Genesis 8:8-12; Matthew 3:16 |
Eagle | Strength, renewal, divine protection — Isaiah 40:31; Exodus 19:4 |
Heron | Listed among unclean birds — Leviticus 11:19 |
Hawk | Swiftness and vision — Job 39:26; Leviticus 11:16 |
Hen and Chicks | Protective love — Matthew 23:37 |
Kite | Watchfulness — Leviticus 11:14; Deuteronomy 14:13 |
Lapwing | Considered unclean — Leviticus 11:19 |
Osprey (Gier Eagle) | Strength and precision — Leviticus 11:18 |
Owl | Mourning, solitude, desolation — Isaiah 34:11-15; Micah 1:8 |
Partridge | Deceit and false gain — 1 Samuel 26:20; Jeremiah 17:11 |
Peacock | Beauty and wealth — 1 Kings 10:22 |
Pelican | Solitude and sacrifice — Psalm 102:6; Leviticus 11:18 |
Pigeon | Humility and offering — Genesis 15:9; Luke 2:24 |
Quail | Divine provision in the wilderness — Exodus 16:13; Numbers 11:31 |
Raven | Survival, provision, and judgment — Genesis 8:7; 1 Kings 17:6 |
Rooster | Denial and vigilance — Matthew 26:74-75 |
Sparrow | God’s care for the small and overlooked — Psalm 84:3; Matthew 10:29 |
Stork | Migration and maternal instinct — Jeremiah 8:7; Psalm 104:17 |
Swallow | Restlessness and longing for God — Isaiah 38:14; Psalm 84:3 |
Swan | Listed among unclean birds — Leviticus 11:18 |
Vulture | Death and scavenging judgment — Isaiah 34:15; Leviticus 11:13 |
Animals

Animal | Reference |
---|---|
Ant | Diligence, wisdom, preparation — Proverbs 6:6-8 |
Bear | Strength, danger, divine judgment — 2 Kings 2:24; Proverbs 28:15 |
Behemoth | Power of God’s creation; untamable might — Job 40:15-24 |
Camel | Wealth, endurance, burden-bearing — Genesis 24:10-64; Matthew 19:24 |
Dog | Uncleanliness, contempt, spiritual outsiders — Philippians 3:2; Revelation 22:15 |
Donkey | Humility, service, peace — Numbers 22:21-33; Matthew 21:5 |
Ewe / Lamb | Innocence, sacrifice, Christ as the Lamb — Exodus 12:3; Isaiah 53:7; John 1:29 |
Fox | Cunning, deceit, destruction — Luke 13:32; Song of Songs 2:15 |
Goat | Sin offering, separation of righteous and wicked — Leviticus 16:10; Matthew 25:33 |
Horse | Power, war, judgment — Revelation 6:1-8; Zechariah 10:3 |
Leopard | Swiftness, danger, prophetic imagery — Daniel 7:6; Revelation 13:2 |
Lion (dual symbolism, Protector or Destroyer) | Strength, royalty, Christ and Satan — Revelation 5:5; 1 Peter 5:8 |
Locust | Plague, judgment, destruction — Joel 1:4; Revelation 9:3-10 |
Ox | Labor, sacrifice, strength — Proverbs 14:4; Leviticus 4:3; 1 Kings 19:21 |
Pig / Swine | Uncleanliness, spiritual corruption — Leviticus 11:7; Matthew 7:6 |
Serpent | Deception, sin, Satan — Genesis 3:1-15; Revelation 12:9 |
Sheep | God's people, vulnerability, guidance — Psalm 23:1; John 10:11 |
Wolf | Predation, false prophets — Matthew 7:15; Acts 20:29 |
Rocks & Stones

Rock or Stone | Reference |
---|---|
God as the Rock | Refuge — Psalm 18:2, Isaiah 26:4 |
Cornerstone | Christ — Psalm 118:22, Ephesians 2:20 |
Ebenezer Stone | Divine help — 1 Samuel 7:12 |
Stones of Remembrance | Legacy, testimony, crossing into promise — Joshua 4:6-7 |
Building on the Rock | Obedience — Matthew 7:24-25 |
Stone / Rock (General) | Strength, refuge, foundation, Christ as the cornerstone — Psalm 18:2; Isaiah 28:16; Matthew 16:18; 1 Peter 2:6 |
Ebenezer Stone | Memorial of divine help — 1 Samuel 7:12 |
Tablets of Stone | Law, covenant, permanence — Exodus 24:12; Deuteronomy 5:22 |
Millstone | Judgment, burden, destruction — Matthew 18:6; Revelation 18:21 |
White Stone | Acceptance, new identity — Revelation 2:17 |
Precious Stones (General) | Glory, beauty, divine craftsmanship — Exodus 28:17-20; Revelation 21:19-20 |
Sapphire | Heavenly glory, throne of God — Exodus 24:10; Ezekiel 1:26 |
Emerald | Radiance, divine presence — Revelation 4:3 |
Ruby | Wisdom, value, beauty — Proverbs 3:15; Job 28:18 |
Topaz | Purity, brilliance — Exodus 28:17; Ezekiel 28:13 |
Onyx | Priesthood, remembrance — Genesis 2:12; Exodus 28:9-12 |
Jasper | Majesty, clarity, divine perfection — Revelation 21:11; Revelation 4:3 |
Chalcedony | Foundation of the heavenly city — Revelation 21:19 |
Amethyst | Royalty, spiritual sobriety — Exodus 28:19; Revelation 21:20 |
Beryl | Radiance, divine adornment — Ezekiel 28:13; Daniel 10:6 |
Carnelian | Fiery beauty, divine presence — Revelation 4:3 |
Lapis Lazuli | Truth, heavenly vision — Exodus 24:10; Ezekiel 28:13 |
Agate | Strength, protection — Exodus 28:19 |
Tribes of Israel

Tribe | Reference |
---|---|
Reuben | Firstborn, instability, loss of birthright — Genesis 49:3-4; Deuteronomy 33:6 |
Simeon | Violence, scattered inheritance — Genesis 49:5-7; Joshua 19:1 |
Levi | Priesthood, holiness, no land inheritance — Exodus 32:26-29; Numbers 3:6-13 |
Judah | Kingship, leadership, lineage of Christ — Genesis 49:8-10; Matthew 1:2-3 |
Dan | Judge, serpent, Messianic imagery/echoes — Genesis 49:16-18 |
Naphtali | Freedom, beauty, swift speech — Genesis 49:21; Deuteronomy 33:23 |
Gad | Warrior, resilience in battle — Genesis 49:19; Deuteronomy 33:20 |
Asher | Abundance, blessing, royal delicacies — Genesis 49:20; Deuteronomy 33:24 |
Issachar | Labor, burden-bearing, wisdom — Genesis 49:14-15; 1 Chronicles 12:32 |
Zebulun | Commerce, sea trade, dwelling by the coast — Genesis 49:13; Deuteronomy 33:18-19 |
Joseph | Fruitfulness, double portion (Ephraim & Manasseh) — Genesis 49:22-26; Joshua 16-17 |
Benjamin | Fierce warrior, beloved of the Lord — Genesis 49:27; Deuteronomy 33:12 |
Fire & Light

Fire or Light | Reference |
---|---|
Fire | God's holiness, judgment, purification — Exodus 3:2, Malachi 3:2, Acts 2:3 |
Light | Truth, guidance, divine presence — Psalm 119:105, John 8:12, Matthew 5:14 |
Lamp | Spiritual vigilance, wisdom — Proverbs 20:27, Matthew 25:1-13 |
Water & Liquids

Water or Liquid | Reference |
---|---|
Water | Life, renewal, baptism — John 4:14, Isaiah 44:3, Revelation 22:1 |
Wine | Joy, covenant, sacrifice — John 2:9-10, Matthew 26:27-29 |
Oil | Anointing, healing, consecration — Psalm 23:5, James 5:14, Exodus 30:25 |
Blood | Atonement, covenant, redemption — Hebrews 9:22, Matthew 26:28, Revelation 7:14 |
Vessels & Containers

Vessel or Container | Reference |
---|---|
Clay Pot | Fragility, divine craftsmanship — 2 Corinthians 4:7, Jeremiah 18:4-6 |
Cup | Suffering, blessing, covenant — Psalm 23:5, Matthew 26:39 |
Ark | Salvation, covenant, presence — Genesis 6:14, Exodus 25:10, Hebrews 9:4 |
Landscapes & Geography

Landscape or Geographic Feature | Reference |
---|---|
Mountain | Revelation, divine encounter — Exodus 19:20, Matthew 17:1-5 |
Valley | Humility, testing, refuge — Psalm 23:4, Joel 3:14 |
Desert | Trial, purification, solitude — Deuteronomy 8:2, Matthew 4:1 |
River | Life, abundance, Spirit — Ezekiel 47:9, Revelation 22:1 |
Garments & Textiles

Garment or Textile | Reference |
---|---|
Sackcloth | Mourning, repentance — Jonah 3:5, Revelation 11:3 |
Robes | Righteousness, honor — Isaiah 61:10, Revelation 7:9 |
Veil | Separation, mystery, revelation — Exodus 26:33, 2 Corinthians 3:14-16 |
Time & Seasons

Time or Season | Reference |
---|---|
Sabbath | Rest, holiness, covenant — Genesis 2:2-3, Exodus 20:8 |
Jubilee | Freedom, restoration — Leviticus 25:10, Isaiah 61:1 |
Harvest | Judgment, reward — Matthew 13:30, Revelation 14:15 |